‏إظهار الرسائل ذات التسميات انظمة و تشريعات. إظهار كافة الرسائل
‏إظهار الرسائل ذات التسميات انظمة و تشريعات. إظهار كافة الرسائل

22 أكتوبر 2017

تطوير وتعزيز الوصول الحر: مبادئ توجيهية للسياسات

قامت مدينة الملك عبدالعزيز للعلوم والتقنية بإصدار ترجمة كتاب "Policy guidelines for the development and promotion of open access" للمؤلفة (آلما سوان Alma Swan) حيث قام بالترجمة كل من:


د. سليمان بن سالم الشهري

د. عبدالرحمن أحمد فراج

وخرج الكتاب في ترجمته العربية بعنوان "تطوير وتعزيز الوصول الحر: مبادئ توجيهية للسياسات"، ويقدم هذا الكتاب رؤية شاملة للسياسات الخاصة بتطوير وتعزيز الوصول الحر للجهات والهيئات والمؤسسات والافراد المهتمين بالوصول والإتاحة الحرة للمعرفة العلمية، كما أن الكتاب يهدف إلى تيسير الإلمام بجميع القضايا ذات الصلة بالوصول الحر والإسهام في اختيار السياسات الملائمة لتطبيقها والانتفاع منها، وتيسير اعتماد سياسة الوصول الحر لدى مؤسسات تمويل البحث العلمي، وهو بذلك يعد وثيقة رئيسة فيما يتعلق بالمبادئ والتوجيهات لتنظيم السياسات والتشريعات الخاصة بالوصول الحر.

وقد جاء الكتاب في تسعة فصول تناولت تطور الوصول الحر للمعلومات والبحث العلمي، وأساليب الوصول الحر وأهميته ومنافعه، والنماذج الاقتصادية التقليدية والحديثة منها في الاتصال العلمي، وحقوق وتراخيص التأليف، واستراتيجيات تعزيز الوصول الحر. وتناول الفصل الثامن الإطار العام لسياسات الوصول الحر، وجاء الفصل التاسع والاخير بخلاصة المبادئ التوجيهية ذات الصلة بالسياسات. 

كما أن الكتاب قدم قائمة مختارة من المصطلحات والمختصرات الرئيسة والمستخدمة في سياسات الوصول الحر وتطبيقاتها ونماذجها، إضافة إلى أن الكتاب قدم نماذج لعدد من السياسات والانظمة والتشريعات في عدد من الجهات والمؤسسات والمعاهد العلمية بحيث تُمكن القارئ من التعرف عليها والاخذ بما يتفق مع احتياجه.

لعل ما تقدم عرضه يلقي الضوء على بعض مما ورد في الكتاب، ولعله من الواجب الإشارة له أن الكتاب صدر على نهج الوصول الحر، حيث أن الكتاب يمكن الاطلاع عليه وتحميله مباشرة دون رسوم وبالمجان عبر النقر على العنوان الآتي:

"تطوير وتعزيز الوصول الحر: مبادئ توجيهية للسياسات"

والوصول إلى غيره من الكتب والمطويات من إصدارات مدينة الملك عبدالعزيز للعلوم والتقنية


13 يناير 2011

عشر جامعات تدعم دوريات الوصول الحر


عشر جامعات تدعم دوريات الوصول الحر

أعلنت جامعة كورنل Cornell University وجامعة دار تموثDartmouth University وجامعة هارفرد Harvard University و معهد ماساتشوستس للتقنية Massachusetts Institute of Technology وجامعة كاليفورنياThe University of California at BerkeleyOpen Access Publishing Equity ( COPE ) والذي تم اطلاقه في بداية عام 2009م, وهو عبارة عن التزام بتخصيص هذه الجامعات لأرصدة تمويلية لدعم دوريات الوصول الحر ثم أنظمت لهم جامعة برشلونة Barcelona University وجامعة كالغاري The University of Calgary , وجامعة ديوك Duke University وجامعة ميشغان Michigan University وجامعة سيمون فريزر Simon fraser University في عام 2010م، ويذكر سوبر بيتر Super Peter "أنه بالرغم أن هذه التمويلات صغيرة عند مقارنتها بالأموال التي يتم إنفاقها كل عام على اشتراكات الدوريات, لكن سوف يكون لها تأثيرها ,حيث أنها تعد علاقة في إطار النمو المتزايد الذي تراه المؤسسات في مجال دعم دوريات الوصول الحر كاستثمار في مستقبل الاتصال العلمي, كما أنها تعد طريقاً ووسيلة لنزع الاعتراضات والوصول إلى دوريات وصول حر واسعة الانتشار وسريعة النمو". بالتزامهم المشترك بميثاق نشر الوصول الحر

من الجدير بالذكر أن هذا الميثاق يدعمه العديد من الأفراد و المؤسسات, من بين الداعمين الأفراد هناك العديد من الفائزين بجائزة نوبل, ومن بين المؤسسات الداعمة BioMed Central ومنظمة Creative Commons وجمعيه الناشرين العالمية للوصول الحر ( OASPA), وتحالف المصادر الأكاديمية و النشر العلمي (SPARC) وسبارك أوروبا , و Wellcome Trust .

يمكن الاطلاع على الميثاق من خلال الرابط التالي:

24 سبتمبر 2010

المحتوى المفتوح وقصة تنامي: من صحيفة الحياة

المحتوى الالكتروني المفتوح يتنامى أميركياً

27 يوليو 2010

لكسر القضبان: قانون للملكية الفكرية


في نقلة نوعية لقانون الملكية الفكرية، مكتبة الكونجرس كجهة مسؤلة عن هذا المجال تطالعنا بنظام فيه من الاستثناءات العديد. القانون الجديد سيفتح افاق وفرص كبيرة للعلماء والباحثين.

Statement of the Librarian of Congress Relating to Section 1201 Rulemaking

Section 1201(a)(1) of the copyright law requires that every three years I am to determine whether there are any classes of works that will be subject to exemptions from the statute’s prohibition against circumvention of technology that effectively controls access to a copyrighted work. I make that determination at the conclusion of a rulemaking proceeding conducted by the Register of Copyrights, who makes a recommendation to me. Based on that proceeding and the Register’s recommendation, I am to determine whether the prohibition on circumvention of technological measures that control access to copyrighted works is causing or is likely to cause adverse effects on the ability of users of any particular classes of copyrighted works to make noninfringing uses of those works. The classes of works that I designated in the previous proceeding expire at the end of the current proceeding unless proponents of a class prove their case once again.
This is the fourth time that I have made such a determination. Today I have designated six classes of works. Persons who circumvent access controls in order to engage in noninfringing uses of works in these six classes will not be subject to the statutory prohibition against circumvention.
As I have noted at the conclusion of past proceedings, it is important to understand the purposes of this rulemaking, as stated in the law, and the role I have in it. This is not a broad evaluation of the successes or failures of the DMCA. The purpose of the proceeding is to determine whether current technologies that control access to copyrighted works are diminishing the ability of individuals to use works in lawful, noninfringing ways. The DMCA does not forbid the act of circumventing copy controls, and therefore this rulemaking proceeding is not about technologies that control copying. Nor is this rulemaking about the ability to make or distribute products or services used for purposes of circumventing access controls, which are governed by a different part of section 1201.
In this rulemaking, the Register of Copyrights received 19 initial submissions proposing 25 classes of works, many of them duplicative in subject matter, which the Register organized into 11 groups and published in a notice of proposed rulemaking seeking comments on the proposed classes. Fifty-six comments were submitted. Thirty-seven witnesses appeared during the four days of public hearings in Washington and in Palo Alto, California. Transcripts of the hearings, copies of all of the comments, and copies of other information received by the Register have been posted on the Copyright Office's website.
The six classes of works are:
(1) Motion pictures on DVDs that are lawfully made and acquired and that are protected by the Content Scrambling System when circumvention is accomplished solely in order to accomplish the incorporation of short portions of motion pictures into new works for the purpose of criticism or comment, and where the person engaging in circumvention believes and has reasonable grounds for believing that circumvention is necessary to fulfill the purpose of the use in the following instances:
(i) Educational uses by college and university professors and by college and university film and media studies students;
(ii) Documentary filmmaking;
(iii) Noncommercial videos
(2) Computer programs that enable wireless telephone handsets to execute software applications, where circumvention is accomplished for the sole purpose of enabling interoperability of such applications, when they have been lawfully obtained, with computer programs on the telephone handset.
(3) Computer programs, in the form of firmware or software, that enable used wireless telephone handsets to connect to a wireless telecommunications network, when circumvention is initiated by the owner of the copy of the computer program solely in order to connect to a wireless telecommunications network and access to the network is authorized by the operator of the network.
(4) Video games accessible on personal computers and protected by technological protection measures that control access to lawfully obtained works, when circumvention is accomplished solely for the purpose of good faith testing for, investigating, or correcting security flaws or vulnerabilities, if:
(i) The information derived from the security testing is used primarily to promote the security of the owner or operator of a computer, computer system, or computer network; and
(ii) The information derived from the security testing is used or maintained in a manner that does not facilitate copyright infringement or a violation of applicable law.
(5) Computer programs protected by dongles that prevent access due to malfunction or damage and which are obsolete. A dongle shall be considered obsolete if it is no longer manufactured or if a replacement or repair is no longer reasonably available in the commercial marketplace; and
(6) Literary works distributed in ebook format when all existing ebook editions of the work (including digital text editions made available by authorized entities) contain access controls that prevent the enabling either of the book’s read-aloud function or of screen readers that render the text into a specialized format.
All of these classes of works find their origins in classes that I designated at the conclusion of the previous rulemaking proceeding, but some of the classes have changed due to differences in the facts and arguments presented in the current proceeding. For example, in the previous proceeding I designated a class that enable film and media studies professors to engage in the noninfringing activity of making compilations of film clips for classroom instruction. In the current proceeding, the record supported an expansion of that class to enable the incorporation of short portions of motion pictures into documentary films and noncommercial videos for the purpose of criticism or comment, when the person engaging in circumvention reasonably believes that it is necessary to fulfill that purpose. I agree with the Register that the record demonstrates that it is sometimes necessary to circumvent access controls on DVDs in order to make these kinds of fair uses of short portions of motion pictures.

17 فبراير 2010

New book on access to knowledge in Egypt

Knowledge Access Blooms In The Desert: Egypt’s Fragile Stake In IP

By William New

CAIRO - The launch this week on the new campus of American University in Cairo of a new centre and a new book on access to knowledge in Egypt offered a view of the complexities of the issues and the challenges developing countries face to ensure global intellectual property rights are incorporated into their legal systems in the most locally productive ways possible.
The event marked the launch of the new Access to Knowledge for Development Center on the sparkling, windswept two-year-old (and still under construction) new campus of the university, which moved out of the clogged and smoggy city centre to the remote but rapidly growing desert city of New Cairo. And the centre’s launch came as part of the weeklong festivities around the university’s newly reconfigured business school and school of global affairs and public policy. Preliminary information on the centre is available here.
Read More: http://bit.ly/adleIS

 

08 مارس 2009

Digital and OA is the appropriate choice for Law libraries and schools

Andrew Albanese -- Library Journal, 3/6/2009

  • End print law journals
  • Greater access to scholarship
  • Supported by more than 30 top law schools, law librarians
In a broad call to action, more than 30 of the nation's law schools and law librarians have signed the Durham Statement on Open Access to Legal Scholarship. In essence, the statement urges law schools to adopt digital communication, forgo print, and publish, archive, and widely disseminate its scholarship online. In its bold statement, the signatories urged “every U.S. law school” to commit to:
  • Ending print publication of its journals and to making “definitive versions of journals and other scholarship produced at the school immediately available upon publication in stable, open, digital formats.”
  • To keep a repository of the scholarship published at the school, including “open standards for the archiving of works, as well as redundant formats, such as PDF copies.”
  • Creating and supporting use of “a standard set of metadata to catalog each article to ensure easy online public indexing of legal scholarship.”
  • And, as a measure of redundancy, “to urge faculty members to reserve their copyrights to ensure that they too can make their own scholarship available in stable, open, digital formats.”

The statement came out of a November, 2007 meeting at Duke University. It is dated February 11, 2009. More law schools and law librarians are considering signing on.

Not your average OA statement
As Duke University scholarly communication officer Kevin Smith observed, the Durham statement breaks new ground for OA statements. “First, the Durham Statement calls for law schools to simply stop publishing print versions of their journals,” Smith noted. “It also includes a clause urging faculty authors to retain their copyrights. One might wonder why this is important if all law journal publication was online and free. The Statement calls this ‘a measure of redundancy,’ and that is a big part of the answer. If academics retain their copyrights, they will be in a position to respond to changes in the means for distribution and use of their work.”

The statement also prominently addresses cost reduction for libraries and law schools in a time of “extreme pressures” on budgets. Noting that most scholars now access legal information digitally, the statement suggests that print simply no longer makes economic sense.

“It is increasingly uneconomical to keep two systems afloat simultaneously,” the statement reads. Although law journals are not-for-profit and schools do not rely on revenue from their journals, “the presumption of need for redundant printed journals adds costs to library budgets, takes up physical space in libraries pressed for space, and has a deleterious effect on the environment.”

Articles can still be printed on demand, the statement acknowledges. “In general, however, we believe that, if law schools are willing to commit to stable and open digital storage for the journals they publish, there are no longer good reasons for individual libraries to rely on paper copies as the archival format.”

Access
Of course, the “if,” when it comes to long-term stable archiving could be a particularly big one. “We hope that our statement will provoke the development of generally accepted formats for preserving these materials,” Richard Danner, senior associate dean for information services at the Duke University School of Law, told LJAN.

As for repositories stepping to shoulder the load, Danner suggested that repository development on the “school” level, such as in law schools, “has been easier to manage and scale” than it is on the university level. “A good example, I think, is Duke Law's Faculty Scholarship Repository."

More importantly than savings and efficiencies, however, the statement asserts that an aggressive move to digital formats for legal scholarship will “increase access to legal information and knowledge not only to those inside the legal academy and in practice, but to scholars in other disciplines and to international audiences, many of whom do not now have access either to print journals or to commercial databases.”

27 يناير 2009

Science Commons





There are petabytes of research data being produced in laboratories around the world, but the best web search tools available can’t help us make sense of it. Why? Because more stands between basic research and meaningful discovery than the problem of search.

Many scientists today work in relative isolation, left to follow blind alleys and duplicate existing research. Data are balkanized — trapped behind firewalls, locked up by contracts or lost in databases that can’t be accessed or integrated. Materials are hard to get — universities are overwhelmed with transfer requests that ought to be routine, while grant cycles pass and windows of opportunity close. It’s not uncommon for research sponsors to invest hundreds of millions of dollars in critically important efforts like drug discovery, only to see them fail.

The consequences in many cases are no less than tragic. The time it takes to go from identifying a gene to developing a drug currently stands at 17 years — forever, for people suffering from disease.

Science Commons has three interlocking initiatives designed to accelerate the research cycle — the continuous production and reuse of knowledge that is at the heart of the scientific method. Together, they form the building blocks of a new collaborative infrastructure to make scientific discovery easier by design.

Making scientific research “re-useful” — We help people and organizations open and mark their research and data for reuse. Learn more.

Enabling “one-click” access to research materials — We help streamline the materials-transfer process so researchers can easily replicate, verify and extend research. Learn more.

Integrating fragmented information sources — We help researchers find, analyze and use data from disparate sources by marking and integrating the information with a common, computer-readable language. Learn more.

Science Commons in action
We implement all three elements of our approach in the NeuroCommons, our “proof-of-concept” project within the field of neuroscience. The NeuroCommons is a beta open source knowledge management system for biomedical research that anyone can use, and anyone can build on.